Effects of feeds on growth and carotenoids accumulation in Artemia at different temperatures and salinities

Abstract:

In this paper， Spirulina powder， Yeast， Yeast + β-Carotene were used as feed to explore the effects of feed on the growth and carotenoids accumulation of Artemia at different temperatures （20℃， 25℃， 30℃） and salinities （10， 30， 50， 70， 90）. The results showed that the survival rate and body length of Artemia fed with spirulina powder were better than those of other feed at the same temperature and salinity. On the 10th day， at 25℃， Artemia fed with spirulina powder and yeast had maximum average body length at salinity 30 （7.52 mm， 5.88 mm） （P<0.05）， while Artemia fed with yeast + β-carotene had the largest average body length （4.0 mm） at salinity 10 （P<0.05）. The average body length of Artemia in the 30℃ group was significantly longer than that in the other temperature groups at salinity 50 （P<0.05）. On the 15th day， at 25℃， Artemia fed spirulina powder had the highest survival rate （93.7%） at salinity 30. At salinity 50， the survival rate of Artemia fed with spirulina powder in the 20℃ group （94.0%） and 25℃ group （92.0%） was significantly higher than that in the 30℃ group （P<0.05）. The egg-holding rate of Artemia in each group fed with spirulina powder was significantly higher than that of other feed （P<0.05）， and gradually increased with the increases of salinity or temperature. After 15 days， the detection of carotenoids of Artemia showed that only echinenone and canthaxanthin were detected in each feed group， and β-carotene， β-cryptoxanthin， zeaxanthin and astaxanthin were not detected. The total carotenoid content of Artemia fed with spirulina powder was significantly higher than that of other groups （P<0.05）， and decreased with the increase of salinity， and the salinity 10 group was the highest （46.25 μg/g）. With the increase of temperature， it first increased and then decreased， and 25 ℃ group was the highest （46.28 μg/g）. In conclusion， Artemia fed with Spirulina powder grew best， Artemia could convert β-carotene to echinenone and canthaxanthin， with the increase of temperature， the survival rate of Artemia decreases， which accelerates Artemia growth， sexual maturity and carotenoid metabolism. If the salinity is too high or too low， the survival rate and growth rate of Artemia will be reduced， but high salt can promote sexual maturity and deplete carotenoids in Artemia.