光诱渔业集鱼灯光场分布研究现状与展望

Current status and prospects of research on the distribution of light fields for fish collection in light induced fisheries

摘要:

光诱渔业有着悠久的发展历史,中国现代光诱渔业历经60多年的发展演变,已成为当前最为重要的捕捞方式之一。光诱渔业的快速发展不仅使得近海的趋光性中上层鱼类资源得到有效利用,也为积极开发利用远洋公海渔业资源提供了技术支撑。然而,光诱渔业在现阶段出现了灯光总功率竞争性增长导致能源浪费、经济效益低等负面问题,如何科学高效地利用集鱼灯已成为亟待解决的课题。为此以光诱渔业集鱼灯光场分布为核心,围绕光场分布与光诱捕捞的关系、光场分布形成机制、光场分布模型与算法等3个方向展开了系统性综述、归纳,并对未来研究进行展望,以期为相关研究提供参考。

关键词:光诱渔业;集鱼灯;光场分布;形成机制;数值模型

Abstract:

Light-induced fishery has a long history of development. After more than 60 years of development and evolution, modern Light-induced fishery in China has become one of the most important fishing methods at present. The rapid development of Light-induced fishery not only makes the offshore phototactic mid-upper layer fish resources be effectively utilized, but also provides technical support for the active development and utilization of oceanic high seas fishery resources, and to a certain extent, alleviates and protects the bottom fishery resources and marine ecological environment in China's offshore areas. However, at the present stage, some negative phenomena such as the competitive growth of the total light power and the increase of non-target catches are also common in Light-induced fishery, resulting in problems such as energy waste and decreased production efficiency. Therefore, how to use fish aggregation lights scientifically and efficiently has become an urgent issue to be solved. Therefore, centering on the light field distribution of fish aggregation lights in Light-induced fishery, this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth systematic review, summary and technical outlook around the key research results such as the relationship between light field distribution and photo-induced fisheries, the formation of mechanisms of the light field distribution of fish aggregation lights and the algorithms and models of light field distribution, in order to provide reference for relevant research and jointly promote the sustainable development of Light-induced fishery.

Key words:light-induced fishery;fish aggregation lights;light field distribution;formation of mechanisms;numerical model