剑尖枪乌贼生长与死亡参数的估算

Estimation of growth and mortality parameters of Uroteuthis edulis

摘要:

为了深入探究东海剑尖枪乌贼（Uroteuthis edulis）的生物学特征及其资源状况,利用2020—2024年东海海域拖网渔船采集的剑尖枪乌贼样本,进行生物学测定与分析,使用ELEFAN方法与长度渔获曲线法对生长与死亡参数进行估算。结果显示,剑尖枪乌贼的雌雄个体的胴长和体质量组间存在极显著差异（P<0.001）；个体幂指数系数b值小于3,表现出负异速生长特征；雌性个体胴长和体质量关系均有显著性差异（P<0.05）；生长曲线曲率K值反映出东海海域更适合雌性个体生长；雌性和雄性的死亡系数差别不大,表明开发程度较为一致。研究表明,东海剑尖枪乌贼的生长存在年间和性别间差异,相比北部湾海域,东海海域更适合剑尖枪乌贼生长。此外,资源开发率大于0.5,种群资源有过度开发风险。本研究可为东海剑尖枪乌贼的资源评估提供参考依据,并为其可持续开发与利用提供支持。

关键词:剑尖枪乌贼;生物学;生长参数;生长方程;渔业管理

Abstract:

In order to further explore the biological characteristics and resource status of Uroteuthis edulis in the East China Sea, this study conducted biological measurement and analysis on samples collected by trawlers in the East China Sea from 2020 to 2024, and estimated the growth and mortality parameters using ELEFAN method and length-converted catch curve method. The results showed that there were significant differences in ML and BM between genders at 4 years （P<0.001）. The b value was less than 3, indicating negative allometry. There were significant differences in the relationship between ML and BM of female （P<0.05）. The K value reflects that the East China Sea is more suitable for female growth. There was little difference in the coefficient of mortality between male and female. The degree of development is more consistent. The results show that there are years and sex differences in the growth of the East China Sea, and the East China Sea is more suitable for the growth of Uroteuthis edulis in the East China Sea than the Beibu Gulf. In addition, the resource exploitation rate is greater than 0.5, and the stock resources have the risk of overexploitation. This study can provide a reference for stock assessment and support for its sustainable development and utilization in the East China Sea.

Key words:Uroteuthis edulis;biology;growth relationship;growth equation;fishery management