稻虾种养对土壤有机碳组成和酶活性的影响

Effect of rice-crayfish farming on soil organic carbon component and enzyme activity

摘要:

为探究稻虾种养对土壤有机碳稳定性和酶活性的影响， 于2021和2022年以“深两优3117”水稻（Oryza sativa）和克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）为材料，开展了稻虾轮作模式与水稻单作模式的对比试验， 分析了土壤有机碳组成、活性有机碳组分和碳氮磷转化相关酶活性。结果显示，相较于水稻单作模式，试验期间稻虾种养模式土壤LOC Ⅰ含量提高25.86%~39.13%，土壤MBC含量提高96.54%~105.73%，土壤POC含量提高92.24%~132.32%（P<0.05）。土壤β-XYS活性降低29.35%~59.74%，ACP活性降低41.64%~59.12%（P<0.05），而NAG活性较水稻单作模式升高29.04%~98.86%（P<0.05）。Pearson分析显示，土壤LOC Ⅰ 、ROC、MBC和POC与pH、TN和TOC呈显著正相关（P<0.05），DOC和C/N与pH和TN呈负相关（P<0.05）。稻虾种养模式通过增加土壤pH和TN含量，降低β-XYS和ACP活性，提高土壤NAG活性，增加了土壤活性有机碳组分含量。

Abstract:

To explore the effect of rice-crayfish farming on the stability of soil organic carbon and enzyme activity， a comparative experiment was conducted between rice-crayfish farming model and rice monoculture model using Oryza sativa “Shen Liang You 3117” and Procambarus clarkii as material in 2021 and 2022. The results showed that， compared to the rice monoculture model （RM）， the soil LOC Ⅰ content in the rice-crayfish farming model （RC） increased by 25.85% to 39.13%， the soil MBC content increased by 96.54% to 105.73%， and the soil POC content increased by 92.24% to 132.32% （P<0.05）. Meanwhile， the activity of soil β-XYS in RC decreased by 29.35% to 59.74%， β-GC activity decreased by 17.16% to 53.10%， and ACP activity decreased by 41.64% to 59.12% （P<0.05）. Pearson analysis revealed that soil LOC Ⅰ ， ROC， MBC， and POC were positive correlated with pH， TN， and TOC （P<0.05）， while DOC and C/N ratio were negative correlated with pH and TN （P<0.05）. The rice-crayfish farming model increased the soil pH and TN， reduced the activity of β-XYS and ACP， enhanced the activity of NAG in the soil， and thus increased the content of active organic carbon in the soil.