三角帆蚌生长性状和内壳光泽度与所育有核珍珠光泽度相关性分析

Correlation analysis of nucleated pearl luster with growth traits and inner shell luster of Hyriopsis cumingii

摘要:

为了研究三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)供片蚌和育珠蚌对有核珍珠光泽度的相对贡献,以白蚌(内壳主体色为白色的三角帆蚌)为材料,以壳长和外壳青色为选择性状,设置不同选择策略,建立8 组三角帆蚌群体,每组群体随机选出供片组和育珠组,开展组合插核手术。经18个月培育发现:不同育珠组合中,供片蚌和育珠蚌同时来自Ⅰ组选择群体的YAA育珠组合所育珍珠光泽度值最大,比YGG、YHH产珍珠光泽度分别提高15.46%、21.51%;不同组供片蚌培育珍珠的光泽度差异显著,供片蚌内壳光泽度与珍珠光泽度呈极显著正相关(r=0.717~0.939),建立供片组内壳光泽度和珍珠光泽度回归方程为y=16.81+0.93x(R²=0.777),供片蚌生长性状与珍珠光泽度相关性不显著;不同组育珠蚌培育珍珠的光泽度差异显著,但育珠蚌生长性状和内壳光泽度与珍珠光泽度不存在显著相关性。结果表明:幼蚌期选育外壳颜色青色的三角帆蚌,达到了提升珍珠光泽度的目标,可作为选育产高光泽度珍珠三角帆蚌的间接性状,供片蚌内壳光泽度与珍珠光泽度显著相关,以其作为目标性状更优。

Abstract:

Luster is the index to measure the maximum value of pearl. To study the relative contribution of Hyriopsis cumingii donor mussel and pearl mussel to the luster of nucleated pearls, white mussel (inner shell is white) is used as material, shell length and green shell are used as selection traits. According to different selection strategies, eight groups of H. cumingii populations were established. Each group was used as donor mussel and host mussel respectively for combined nuclear insertion. After 18 months of cultivation, it was found that: Among the different pearl breeding combinations, the pearl luster value of YAA pearl breeding combination from the selected population of group I was the greatest, which was 15.46% and 21.51% higher than that of YGG and YHH respectively. There was a significant difference in the luster of pearls cultivated by different groups of donor mussel. There was a very significant positive correlation between the inner shell luster of donor mussel and the luster of pearls (r=0.717-0.939). The regression equation between inner shell luster and pearl luster was established as follows: y=16.81+0.93x(R²=0.777).There was no significant correlation between the growth traits of donor mussel and the pearl luster. There were also significant differences in the luster of pearls cultivated by different groups of host mussels, but there was no significant correlation between the growth traits and luster of host mussels and the luster of pearls. The above results show that the breeding of H. cumingii with green shell color at the juvenile mussel stage has achieved the goal of improving pearl luster, which can be regarded as an indirect trait of breeding H. cumingii with high luster,the inner shell luster of donor mussel is significantly correlated with pearl luster, and the inner shell luster is better as the target trait.