澳洲淡水龙虾受精卵到仔虾营养物质变化分析

Analysis of change of nutrients from fertilized eggs to newly hatched shrimp of Cherax quadricarinatus

摘要:

为探究澳洲淡水龙虾受精卵发育到仔虾过程中营养物质的变化情况,分别对澳洲淡水龙虾前无节幼体期、复眼色素形成期、孵化准备期受精卵及初孵仔虾的营养成分组成进行了系统性分析,研究表明:水分含量随着受精卵逐渐发育成仔虾而显著升高,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量则随发育过程而显著降低,灰分含量以初孵仔虾最高;总氨基酸(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)和呈味氨基酸(DAA)均随发育过程而显著降低;在AAS模式下,受精卵和初孵仔虾第一限制性氨基酸均为Met+Cys,受精卵第二限制性氨基酸为Leu,初孵仔虾第二限制性氨基酸为Ile。在CS模式下,受精卵和初孵仔虾第一限制性氨基酸也是Met+Cys,前无节幼体期受精卵第二限制性氨基酸为Val,复眼色素形成期之后的受精卵和初孵仔虾第二限制性氨基酸均为Ile。受精卵和初孵仔虾的EAAI随着受精卵发育到初孵仔虾而显著降低。澳洲淡水龙虾受精卵和初孵仔虾共测出主要脂肪酸10种,初孵仔虾的PUFA及DHA含量显著低于受精卵,EPA+DHA含量却显著高于受精卵。综上,澳洲淡水龙虾初孵仔虾灰分及EPA+DHA含量显著高于受精卵,故在澳洲淡水龙虾仔虾开口饵料配制中可考虑适当提高磷酸二氢钙及EPA+DHA的添加量。

Abstract:

In order to explore the changes of nutrients in the fertilized eggs of Australian freshwater lobster during development, the fertilized eggs in the egg-nauplius stage, the embryo with eye pigment forming stage, the prepare-hatchling stage and newly hatched shrimp were systematically analyzed in this study. The results showed that, moisture content in fertilized eggs increased significantly with the development of fertilized eggs to newly hatched shrimp, crude protein and lipid content decreased significantly with the development process, the ash content of newly hatched shrimp was the highest; Total amino acids, essential amino acids, and flavoring amino acids content of fertilized eggs decreased significantly with the development process; Based on the nutritional evaluation by amino acids score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), (Met+Cys) was the first limiting amino acids of fertilized eggs and newly hatched shrimp; EAAI of fertilized eggs and newly hatched shrimp decreased significantly with the development of fertilized eggs to newly hatched shrimp; 10 main fatty acids were detected in fertilized eggs and newly hatched shrimp of Australian freshwater lobster, and the contents of PUFA and DHA in newly hatched shrimp were significantly lower than those in fertilized eggs, but the content of EPA+DHA was significantly higher than that of fertilized eggs. In conclusion, the content of ash and EPA+DHA of newly hatched shrimp were significantly higher than those of fertilized eggs, so the addition of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and EPA+DHA can be appropriately increased in the preparation of open bait for Australian freshwater lobster larvae.