碳酸盐碱度对3月龄杂交鲟(Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂)生长与血清生化指标的影响

Effects of different carbonate alkalinity on survival, growth and biochemical indexes in serum of three-month-old hybrid sturgeon(Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii ♂)

摘要:

设置3.20 mmol/L(对照组)、7.73 mmol/L、12.60 mmol/L及16.67 mmol/L等4个NaHCO₃碱度梯度,养殖3月龄杂交鲟(Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂)60 d,比较碱度对杂交鲟幼鱼成活率、生长以及血清生化指标的影响,结果显示:各试验组出现最早死亡时间与碱度呈负相关;各组平均成活率分别为70.14%、64.10%、28.21%及51.52%,12.60 mmol/L及16.67 mmol/L组与对照组死亡率差异极显著;各组体质量、体长生长率及饵料系数均低于对照组,12.60 mmol/L及16.67 mmol/L组的上述指标与对照组差异极显著;7.73 mmol/L、12.60 mmol/L及16.67 mmol/L试验组血清白蛋白(ALB)、尿素/肌酐(BUR/CR)低于对照组且差异显著,12.60 mmol/L及16.67 mmol/L试验组总蛋白(TP)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)低于对照组且差异显著,其三酰甘油(TG)低于7.73 mmol/L及对照组且差异显著,16.67 mmol/L试验组总胆固醇(TCHO)、磷酸氢根(HCO₃^-)及血清钙(Ca)显著低于对照组,而其肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酐(CREA)高于对照组且差异显著。综上,高碱度可能会影响杂交鲟蛋白质和脂质的合成与代谢,对其肝、肾、心肌等造成损伤,初步判断,杂交鲟幼鱼可以在碱度7.73 mmol/L及以下水体安全养殖。

Abstract:

Four NaHCO₃ alkalinity gradients which were 3.20 mmol/L (control group), 7.73 mmol/L, 12.60 mmol/L and 16.67 mmol/L were set for breeding of 3-month-old hybrid sturgeons(Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂) for 60 days to compare the effects of alkalinity on survival rate(SR), growth and serum biochemical indices of juvenile hybrid sturgeons. The results are shown as follows: that the time of first dead individual in each group was negatively correlated with alkalinity; the average survival rate of each group was 70.14%, 64.1%, 28.21% and 51.52%, respectively, the mortality of 12.60 mmol/L and 16.67 mmol/L experimental groups was higher than that of the control, with extremely significant difference; the body weight gain, body length gain ratio and feed conversion ratio of each group were extremely significantly lower than those of the control with extremely significant difference; the serum biochemical indices of 7.73 mmol/L, 12.60 mmol/L and 16.67 mmol/L groups were significantly lower than those of the control,the levels of serum total protein (TP), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) of 12.60 mmol/L and 16.67 mmol/L groups were significantly lower than those of 7.73 mmol/L and the control,the total cholesterol (TCHO), serum hydrogen phosphate (HCO^-₃) and serum calcium (CA) of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control, while the serum creatine kinase (CK) and creatinine (CREA) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control with significant difference. In conclusion, high alkalinity may affect the synthesis and metabolism of protein and lipid in hybrid sturgeon, cause slow impairments to cardiac,hepar and kidney tissues, inhibit its growth and even cause individual death. It is concluded that juvenile hybrid sturgeon can be safely cultured in water with alkalinity of 7.73 mmol/L and below, and the suitable alkalinity range can be increased through domestication and adjustment of seedling specifications.