仿生鱿鱼流体形态建模与数值模拟

Fluid morphology modeling and numerical simulation of biomimetic squid

摘要:

随着人工智能与科技手段的逐步发展与提升，鱼类形态特征的研究与鱼类游动减阻机制对于仿生机器鱼设计与复杂游动行为至关重要。以茎柔鱼（Dosidicus gigas）为研究对象，通过对茎柔鱼样本进行视觉图像采集，利用计算机视觉技术提取生物样本形态特征，根据生物特征长度建立生物形态外轮廓方程与三维简化模型，采用数值模拟与四面体非结构网格的方法，计算分析仿生鱿鱼在高速游动过程中的流场特性。分析表明：基于轮廓方程的仿生鱿鱼简化模型在高速游动时具有较低的游行阻力，速度达13.89 m/s且俯仰角度在±30°内，其阻力系数为0.000 4~0.001 1，揭示了生物游动时其形态在减阻机制中的重要性；鱿鱼在高速游动时该种姿态为其完成俯仰、转向等奠定了流体形态基础。因此基于生物形态的外轮廓特征与计算流体力学方法为仿生鱿鱼进一步的设计与研究提供了参考依据。

Abstract:

In the process of building a maritime power, the study of fish morphological characteristics and fish swimming drag reduction mechanism is crucial to the design and complex swimming behaviour of bionic robotic fish. In this study, taking Dasidicus gigas as the research object, through the visual image acquisition of the samples of the fish, the external contour equations and 3D simplified model of the fish body were established based on the length of the biological characteristics. The analysis shows that the curve fitting method reduces the measurement error caused by the relaxation and deformation of the muscles in different body parts; the analysis shows that the simplified model of bionic squid based on contour equation has lower travel resistance when swimming at high speed, and the drag force coefficient is between 0.000 4 and 0.001 1 at a speed of 13.89 m/s, and the importance of morphology in the mechanism of drag reduction is revealed; this posture of the squid at high speed provides a fluid morphological basis for the squid The biomorphic external profile and CFD methods provide reference for further design and research of the biomimetic squid.