气候变化下西北太平洋大海洋生态系海表面温度特征分析

Characteristics of sea surface temperature for large marine major ecosystems in the northwest Pacific under climate change

摘要:

以西北太平洋5个大海洋生态系（large marine ecosystem，LME，包括西白令海、鄂霍茨克海、黑潮、亲潮以及日本海）的海表面温度（sea surface temperature，SST）为研究对象，分析SST随时空变化趋势及其与太平洋年代际振荡（Pacific decadal oscillation，PDO）和厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜事件的关系。研究发现，除了西白令海外，其他4个大海洋生态系的SST都在1987年左右发生了急剧的上升，呈现出2个变化模态；将SST的长期变化趋势去除后可以发现，5个LME的SST随着时间上下波动，并没有固定的周期性变化存在，但是与厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件有着密切联系。从空间分布上看，各区域的SST都呈现由北向南逐渐增高的趋势，但是增温趋势不尽相同，整个西白令海区域的SST都在升高，降温区域则围绕在库页岛和日本的北海道附近。

Abstract:

Climate change and climate events have significant impacts on the marine environment, and their impacts vary in time and space. The study looked at sea surface temperature (SST) in five large marine ecosystems (LME) in the northwest Pacific, including West Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Kuroshio, Oyashio, and the Sea of Japan, and the temporal and spatial trends of SST and their influences under the pacific decadal Oscillation (PDO) with El Niño and La Niña were analyzed. It was found that the SST of the other four large marine ecosystems, except the West Bering Sea, rose sharply around 1987, showing two changing patterns. After removing the long-term changing trend of SST, it was found that the SST of the five LMEs fluctuated up and down with time without regular periodic changes, but it was closely related to the El Niño and La Niña events. According to the spatial distribution of water temperature, the SST of each region showd a trend of increasing gradually from north to south, but the trend of increasing temperature was different. The SST of the whole region in West Bering Sea was increasing, and the cooling region was around Sakhalin and Hokkaido in Japan.