青田田鱼和金华田鱼肌肉营养成分的比较

Analysis of muscle nutrient composition of Cyprinus carpio var. color in Qingtian and Jinhua

摘要:

比较分析青田、金华田鱼肌肉的常规营养成分、矿物元素、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。结果表明：青田田鱼粗脂肪含量显著高于金华田鱼（P<0.01）；两种田鱼中均测得常见氨基酸17种，除甘氨酸和胱氨酸外，金华田鱼各氨基酸含量均显著高于青田田鱼（P<0.05）；根据氨基酸评分（AAS），青田田鱼的第一、二限制氨基酸分别为缬氨酸和蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸，金华田鱼的第一、二限制氨基酸分别为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸和缬氨酸；在两种田鱼中共测得16种脂肪酸，其中青田田鱼的C16：1（棕榈油酸）、C18：1n9c（油酸）和C18：3n3（α-亚油酸）含量显著高于金华田鱼（P<0.05），且青田田鱼的单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于金华田鱼（P<0.05），金华田鱼的C18：0（硬脂酸）和C20：4n6（花生四烯酸）含量显著高于青田田鱼（P<0.05）；在矿物元素中，青田田鱼的锌、铜含量显著高于金华田鱼（P<0.05），金华田鱼的钙、磷、镁含量显著高于青田田鱼（P<0.05）。

Abstract:

Nutritional composition, mineral elements, amino acids and fatty acids in muscle were investigated in Cyprinus carpio var. color from Qingtian and Jinhua. Results showed that contents of crude fat(fresh weight) in Qingtian Cyprinus carpio var color(QC) were significantly higher than that in Jinhua Cyprinus carpio var. color (JC) (P<0.01); 17 amino acids were obtained in both populations. The percentage of all amino acids in JC were higher than those in QC but Glycine and Cystine(P<0.05); Based on the criteria of amino acid score (AAS), the top two limiting amino acids in QC were Valine and Methionine+Cysteine, and the top two limiting amino acids in JC were Methionine+Cysteine and Valine; 16 fatty acids were detected in all muscle samples. C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:3n3 and monounsaturated fatty acid in QC were higher than those in JC (P<0.05); C18:0 and C20:4n6 in JC were higher than those in QC(P<0.05). The contents of Zn and Cu in QC were significantly higher than those in JC(P<0.05), and the contents of Ca, P and Mg in JC were significantly higher than those in QC(P<0.05).