Sr2+和H3BO3对罗氏沼虾幼体的存活变态以及仔虾体内代谢酶的影响

Effects of Sr2+ and H3BO3 on survival and metabolism of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and metabolizing enzymes in juveniles

摘要:

为探究锶（Sr²⁺）和硼酸（H₃BO₃）对罗氏沼虾幼体发育的影响，以含7组不同浓度Sr²⁺和H₃BO₃的育苗用水进行了25 d育苗实验，分析了两者对幼体变态发育、存活及仔虾体内代谢酶活性的影响。育苗实验结果表明，育苗水Sr²⁺和H₃BO₃浓度高、低不同明显影响幼体存活率与出苗率，高浓度影响强于低浓度，均不宜用作育苗。当Sr²⁺质量浓度≥ 6.53 mg/L、H₃BO₃质量浓度≥ 155.60 mg/L时，幼体成活率和出苗率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；同时发现当育苗用水中Sr²⁺和H₃BO₃质量浓度接近0时，幼体仍分别有11.7%与11.3%的出苗率。可适育苗质量浓度范围分别为0.72~3.90 mg/L与2.38~9.66 mg/L，相应出苗率为12.3%~16.0%与12.1%~16.3%；其中最适浓度分别为（2.80±0.05）mg/L与（9.66±0.14）mg/L，与按大洋水和人工育苗水盐度比值换算得到的Sr²⁺和H₃BO₃质量浓度接近。Sr²⁺对碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活力有显著影响（P<0.05），对Ca²⁺-ATP活力无显著影响（P>0.05），但Sr²⁺质量浓度为1.29~3.90 mg/L，AKP和Ca²⁺-ATP均表现较高活力，且低质量浓度（小于0.72 mg/L）时酶活较低。H₃BO₃对AKP和SOD活力均有显著影响（P<0.05），质量浓度在9.66~49.50 mg/L时，AKP活力显著高于低质量浓度组（P<0.05），和对照组相近；质量浓度在5.60~9.66 mg/L时，SOD活力较低。由代谢酶结果表明，Sr²⁺和H₃BO₃的育苗水质量浓度范围分别为1.29~3.90 mg/L和5.60~49.50 mg/L时，代谢酶具良好活力。实验结果为罗氏沼虾人工海水配方的优化提供了实践指导。

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of Sr²⁺ and boric acid (H₃BO₃) on the development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, 25 days of nursery experiments with 7 groups of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ water were conducted to analyze the abnormal development and survival of juveniles and the effect of metabolic enzyme activity in larval shrimp. The results of nursery experiments showed that the high and low concentrations of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ in the nursery water significantly affected the survival rate and the emergence rate of the juveniles. The high concentration effect was stronger than the low concentration and was not suitable for nursery. When the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ ≥ 6.53 mg/L and the mass concentration of H₃BO₃ ≥ 155.60 mg/L, the survival rate and seedling emergence rate of juveniles were significantly lower than those of C control group (P<0.05). When the mass concentrations of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ in water were close to 0, the larvae still had 11.7% and 11.3% emergence rate, respectively.The range of suitable nursery seedlings was 0.72-3.90 mg/L and 2.38-9.66 mg/L, corresponding emergence rate of 12.3%-16.0% and 12.1%-16.3%, The optimal concentration was (2.80±0.05) mg/L and (9.66±0.14) mg/L, respectively,which were similar to the Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ mass concentrations obtained by converting the ratio of salinity to oceanic water and artificial rearing water.Sr²⁺ had a significant effect on alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity (P<0.05) and had no significant effect on Ca²⁺-ATP activity (P>0.05). However, when the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ was 1.29-3.90 mg/L, both AKP and Ca²⁺-ATP showed higher viability, and the activity was lower at low mass concentrations (less than 0.72 mg/L). H₃BO₃ had a significant effect on AKP and SOD activity (P<0.05). At 9.66-49.50 mg/L, AKP activity was significantly higher than that of low mass concentration group (P<0.05) in the control group; when mass concentrations were 5.60-9.66 mg/L, SOD activity is low. The result of metabolic enzyme showed that the metabolic enzyme had good vigor when the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ was 1.29-3.90 mg/L and 5.60-49.50 mg/L, respectively.This experimental result provides a practical guidance for the optimization of artificial seawater formula of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.