大菱鲆鱼体脂肪累积调节方法研究

A study on the regulation of lipid accumulation in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

摘要:

通过摄食生长实验来研究高植物蛋白饲料中添加牛磺酸及水解鱼蛋白对大菱鲆脂肪累积的影响。实验对照组（C）含有30%的鱼粉，高植物蛋白饲料+牛磺酸处理组（HT）使用植物蛋白替代对照组的一半鱼粉后添加0.8%牛磺酸，高植物蛋白饲料+牛磺酸+水解鱼蛋白处理组（HTPH）在HT饲料的基础上继续使用水解鱼蛋白替代7%的饲料鱼粉。室内流水系统养殖，每组4个重复。与对照组或HT组相比，HTPH组显著降低了鱼体的中性脂和肝体比。与对照组相比，HT及HTPH组均显著升高了鱼体水分含量，降低了肝脏总脂和中性脂含量。与对照组相比，肌肉总脂及极性脂仅在HTPH组显著降低。HTPH组的血清甘油三酯和胆固醇含量显著低于对照组。组织脂肪酸分析显示，HT及HTPH组有降低长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量，升高C18:2n-6，C18:3n-6及C18:3n-3含量的趋势。综上，在高植物蛋白饲料中添加牛磺酸可以有效降低鱼体肝脏脂肪含量，而在此基础上继续使用水解鱼蛋白具有更好的脂肪调节效果，能够降低鱼体、肌肉、肝脏及血清中的中性脂肪及总脂肪含量。

Abstract:

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of high plant protein diets with taurine and fish protein hydrolysate on the lipid accumulation of juvenile turbot (initial body weight 4.16±0.01 g). Three experimental diets were formulated. The control diet (C) contained 30% fishmeal. After half of the fish meal in the control diet was replaced by plant protein sources, 0.8% taurine was added to formulate the second diet (HT). 7% fish meal in diet HT was further replaced with fish protein hydrolysate to formulate the third diet (HTPH). The feeding trail was conducted in indoor flowing seawater system. Each diet was assigned to quadruplicate groups of 25 fish. The results showed that compared to groups C and HT, group HTPH significantly reduced the whole-body neutral lipid content and the hepatosmatic index. Compared to the control group, groups HT and HTPH significantly increased the whole-body moisture content, but significantly reduced the neutral and total lipid content in liver. Compared to the control group, the polar and total lipid was significantly reduced only in group HTPH. No significant difference was observed in gut lipid contents among dietary treatments. The contents of triglyceride and cholesterol in serum of group HTPH were significantly lower compared to the control group. Groups HT and HTPH tend to reduce the concentration of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, but increase the concentrations of C18:2n-6, C18:3n-6 and C18:3n-3. These results suggested that high plant protein diets supplemented with taurine reduced the lipid accumulation in turbot liver, and further use of fish protein hydrolysate reduced the neutral and total lipid content in whole body, liver, muscle, and serum of juvenile turbot.