移动式虾塘投饵装置偏心抖料及抛饵系统优化与试验

Eccentric shaking and bait throwing system optimization and experiment of the mobile shrimp feeding machine

摘要:

虾塘饲料投喂自动化是必然趋势，移动式自主投喂是可行技术方案之一，抛料的均匀性和低破碎率是其基本要求。为实现这一目标，对应用最为广泛的抛盘式投饵系统机构进行了优化。通过封闭向量多边形法对投饵机偏心抖料系统铰链四连杆机构进行几何分析，获得最优偏心距；对不同折弯角度抛料盘进行运动仿真，通过抛料轨迹及数据验证分析，获得了抛料盘最优折弯角度，通过抛料试验获得装置优化前后的饲料分布密度，数据统计学t检验结果表明优化后饲料抛洒均匀性明显改善，破碎率有显著降低。对优化后的整机在虾塘进行了现场抛洒试验，结果表明与优化前相比能有效减少漏料量，降低饲料破碎率，提高饲料抛洒均匀程度，为移动式虾塘投饵装置推广应用打下了良好的基础。

Abstract:

Automatic bait feeding in shrimp pond is an inexorable trend. Mobile autonomous feeding is one of the feasible technical solutions. Evenly throwing and low crushing rate are the basic requirements. To achieve these goals, optimization was conducted on the most popular throwing tray style feeding machine. The hinged four-bar linkage of the feeding system was optimally analyzed in geometry through blocking vector polygon method, and the optimal eccentricity was obtained. The motion tracks of different bending curve bait throwing trays are analyzed. The optimal curve is acquired by bait experiment data analysis. Throwing tests provided the bait density distribution data before and after device optimization. According to the t-test statistics analysis, the uniformity of bait was improved obviously, and the crushing rate was significantly reduced as well. Optimized mobile feeding machine bait throwing experiment was conducted in shrimp pond. Results show the leakage quantity and bait crushing rate were dramatically decreased and the bait throwing homogeneity was improved, which set solid basis for the wide application of the mobile feeding machine.