中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长和蜕壳与积温关系的研究

The study of relationships between growth, molt and accumulated temperature of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

摘要:

为研究中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）幼蟹生长和蜕壳与有效积温的关系，在河蟹生态养殖池塘中放置网箱养殖中华绒螯蟹；温度记录仪探头入水深度为20 cm，且每周清理一次，每次记录时间间隔为20 min，每天至少早晚各查看一次。每口网箱放养中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体500只，以水花生为隐蔽物，保持生长环境尽量相同且适宜生长。经过158 d的养殖，幼蟹蜕壳11次长成蟹种，平均成活率为28.43%±4.61%，平均水温为（24.4±0.05）℃，总有效积温为（3 040.4±244.16）℃·d，且随着中华绒螯蟹蜕壳，有效积温增长趋势最接近指数函数y=40.942e^0.2655x（R²=0.9904），累计有效积温增长趋势最接近多项式y=33.336x²-115.05x+196.14（R²=0.997 8）；特定生长率随有效积温的变化曲线最接近幂指数增长关系y=20.926e^-0.005x（R²=0.933 3）；累计有效积温对壳长、壳宽、体高的相关性极为显著，壳长、壳宽、体高随累计有效积温的增长均呈幂指数增长关系。

Abstract:

To study the relationship between growth,molt and effective accumulated temperature of the Eriocheir sinensis, the cages were placed in the middle of the ecology pond to culture E. sinensis. The temperature logger underwater penetration of the probe is 20 cm, and cleaned once a week, with record time interval for 20 minutes at a time. Check at least every morning and evening once a day. Each cage stocked 500 Megalopa, Altemanthena philoxeroides were hidden objects, breeding with same and suitable growth environment. Excel and SPSS 22.0 software are applied for statistics analyses of data. After 158 days of cultivation, juvenile crab molted 11 times and developed into the crab. The average survival rate was 28.43%±4.61%, the average temperature was (24.4±0.05)℃, the total effective accumulated temperature was (3040.4±244.16)℃·d, and with the E. sinensis molt, the growth trend of effective accumulated temperature is mostly close to exponential function(y=40.942e^0.2655x, R²=0.9904). The growth trend of cumulative effective accumulated temperature was mostly close to the polynomial(y=33.336x²-115.05x+196.14, R²=0.997 8). With the growth of the effective accumulated temperature, the specific growth rate showed exponential growth of relations(y=20.926e^-0.005x, R²=0.933 3). The correlation between cumulative effective accumulated temperature and shell length, shell width, body height is very significant. With the growth of the cumulative effective accumulated temperature, shell length, shell width, and body height showed exponential growth of relations.