2013年北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场与海洋环境的关系

Fishing ground distribution of saury and its correlation with marine environment factors in the Northern Parcific hign sea in 2013

摘要:

根据2013年7-12月北太平洋公海秋刀鱼生产调查数据和海洋环境数据,利用渔业地理信息系统软件和数理统计方法,对秋刀鱼渔场的时空分布和海洋环境因子:海表面温度(SST)、叶绿素浓度(Chl.a)和海表面高度(SSH)的关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)在调查海域40°N~47°N,147.5°E~162°E内,9-11月份是北太平洋公海秋刀鱼生产的盛渔期,渔获量为全年中最高。(2)北太平洋公海秋刀鱼作业渔场重心的变化分为3个阶段,7-8月渔场重心由南向北移动;8-10月渔场重心西北向东南移动;10-12月渔场重心由西向东移动。(3)7-12月秋刀鱼渔场的SST、Chl.a、SSH的范围分别为10~15 ℃、0.5~1.0 mg/m³、0~±20 cm,最适范围分别为:11~13 ℃、0.6~0.8 mg/m³、5~±15 cm。(4)K-S检结果(P<0.01),表明各月作业渔场的SST、Chl.a、SSH范围是合适的,可以用SST、Chl.a、SSH作为选择秋刀鱼渔场的指标。

Abstract:

Based on the catch data collected by Chinese Pacific saury fishing vessels from July to December 2013 and sea surface temperature(SST), chlorophyll-a concentration(Chl.a) and sea surface height(SSH) data derived from satellites, this paper analyzed the distribution of fishing ground of Pacific saury and their relationship with marine environmental factors by using the method of fisheries geographic information system software and mathematical statistics. The results indicated that the production varies with the season, and it was the highest between September and November in the waters near 40°N-47°N,147.5°E-162°E. The movement of barycenter of catch could be divided into three stages: first, it had a tendency to move from south to north in July and August; afterwards, it moved from northwest to southeast in August and October; finally, it moved from west to east from October to December. The range of SST, Chl.a, SSH in the fishing grounds were 10-15 ℃, 0.5-1.0 mg/m³, 0-±2 0 cm respectively, and the optimum ranges of above three factors were 11-13 ℃, 0.6-0.8 mg/m³, 5-±15 cm respectively. According to K-S test(P<0.01), the ranges of SST, Chl.a, SSH in each month are reasonable, and SST, Chl.a, SSH can be chosen as indicators to predict the fishing ground of saury.