温室池塘高密度循环水养殖系统构建

High density recirculating aquaculture system with greenhouse pond for California perch (Micropterus salmonides) and culture

摘要:

为探索一种经济可行的工厂化循环水养殖模式，设计了一种将温室大棚养殖与水质净化设备以及增氧设备涌浪机等合理搭配的简易工厂化循环水养殖系统，以加州鲈鱼为养殖对象，分析了养殖期间系统水质指标、鱼类生长状况以及系统经济前景。结果表明，经过4个月的养殖，该系统鱼类养殖密度由初始2.12 kg/m³增加到5.86 kg/m³，成活率达到95.1%。水质监测结果表明，养殖期间氨氮、亚硝氮和溶解氧平均浓度分别为（0.66±0.35） mg/L、（0.19±0.089） mg/L和（6.64±0.25） mg/L；水温维持在27.34~28.00℃，pH为6.73~7.34。经济分析表明：每667 m²池塘养殖利润可达17.42万元/年，投资回报期为2.75年，具有较高的经济价值，若选取价格更高的海水鱼类，市场前景更广。该研究表明，温室池塘循环水养殖系统是一种经济可行、高效、节能减排的养殖模式。

Abstract:

For the research of an economically closed recirculating aquaculture system, this study designed a new system integrating greenhouse, new water purification equipment and aerobic machines such as wave aerator. A running test farming California perch (Micropterus salmonides) with the period of 4 months was conducted for evaluating the performance of the system. During the period of culture, the water quality, fish growth and market prospect of the system were analyzed. The obtained results showed that after 4 months of farming, the fish density increased from 2.12 kg/m³ to 5.86 kg/m³, and the survival rate was 95.1%. Results from the water quality monitoring test showed that the average concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and dissolved oxygen (DO) were 0.66±0.35, 0.19±0.089 and 6.64±0.25 mg/L, respetively; the water temperature and pH were maintained at 27.34-28.00℃ and 6.73-7.34. Economic analysis showed that the annual profit was up to 174.2 thousand Yuan per 667 m², the payback period was 2.75 years, implying the high economic value of the new system. This study demonstrated that the constructed greenhouse pond recirculating aquaculture system is an economically feasible system with the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction.