中华仙影海葵早期发育的初步研究

Initial study on early development of the sea anemone Cereus sinensis Verrill

摘要:

在生物进化研究中，海葵的胚胎和幼体是研究二侧对称动物进化祖先较理想的实验动物。以室内实验方法研究了中华仙影海葵的胚胎、浮浪幼虫及幼海葵的发生、发育过程，对各阶段的变化和形态特点进行了比较详细的描述，并比较了中华仙影海葵与其他3种海葵的早期发育，揭示了中华仙影海葵从性腺成熟到16触手幼海葵各个阶段的变态过程。

Abstract:

In biological evolution research area, the embryo and larva of sea anemone are important experimental animal to find the bilaterian evolutionary developmental ancestor. Based on the early developmental process and morphological characters of the sea anemone, Cereus sinensis, in the laboratory, it’s embryo development, planula stage, larval settlement and juvenile polyp developmental stages were described in this study. At the each stage, the changes of morphological characters, shape size and inner structure of zygote, egg cleavage, planula larval and polyp was observed along with the early developmental sequence. Photo picture was recorded in the study to present the live status. The difference of larval settlement between sea anemone Cereus sinensis and jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum was discussed. The comparison on early development of Cereus sinensis with three other species of sea anemones was made to elucidate the distinction of tentacle eruption. The process of metamorphosis from the oocyte to the 16 tentacles juvenile polyp of the sea anemone Cereus sinensis was illustrated.