不同剂量复方中草药免疫增强剂对草鱼生长性能和免疫功能的影响

Effect of different doses of compound Chinese herbal immunostimulant in feed on the growth and immune function of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

摘要:

将制备好的中草药免疫增强剂（黄芪、大蒜、菊花、山楂和板蓝根五味中草药按等比的水提取物）分别按质量分数1%、2%、4%、8%的比例添加到基础饲料中，饲喂草鱼(27.84?1.57)g 30 d，研究不同剂量的复方中草药免疫增强剂对草鱼生长性能和免疫功能的影响。结果显示:与对照组相比，1%组、2%组、4%组显著提高了草鱼的增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR），且4%组显著高于1%组和2%组（P<0.05）。各试验组的吞噬细胞吞噬活力均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。各试验组的血清溶菌酶(LSZ)活力和血清超氧化物歧化酶活力(SOD)均极显著提高(P<0.01)。经嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后,各试验组的免疫保护率均极显著提高(P<0.01),且4%组最高为70.28%?6.26%。结果表明该复方中草药免疫增强剂在饲料中适宜添加量为4%。

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of different doses of compound Chinese herbal immunostimulant in feed on the growth and immune function of grass carp, which was fed with the diets including the compound Chinese herbal immunostimulant, a kind of mixture of five Chinese herbs is proportionally composed of Astragalus membranaceus, Allium sativum, Dendranthema morifolium，Frutellaria crataegi and Isatis indigotica. Grass carp individuals, the average weight of which was (27.84?1.57) g, were fed with 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% compound Chinese herbal immunostimulant in feed for 30 days, respectively. Results showed that weight gain rate（WGR）and specific growth rate（SGR）in Groups 1, 2 and 3 (especially Group 3) increased significantly compared with those of the control group(P<0.05), and phagocytic activities of phagocytes of all test groups increased significantly (P<0.05), while serum lysozyme（LSZ）activities and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of all test groups increased very significantly (P<0.01). Relative percentage survivals of test groups were very significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), when the grass carps were injected with Aeromonas hydrophila, and the highest one reached 70.28%?6.26% in Group 3. Therefore, 4% Chinese herbal immunostimulant in feed was the fittest for the growth and immunity increment, and resistance of grass carp against the bacterial pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila.