13个斑节对虾家系的生长及抗氨氮特性比较

Microsatellite analysis on genetic diversity of Sinonovacula constricta stocks in Yueqing Bay and Sansha Bay

摘要:

采用巢式不平衡设计，按每尾雄虾配1~3尾雌虾进行人工授精构建家系。对其中13个家系进行生长和耐氨氮特性实验。8周的养殖实验结束后，各家系的特定生长率为2.97～4.00，饲料系数为1.04～1.74。其中家系S13-S11的特定生长率为4.00，明显优于其他家系；家系S3-S5的特定生长率在所有家系中最低，仅有2.97（P<0.05），且其饲料系数显著高于其他家系（P<0.05）。在生长实验结束后，进行氨氮胁迫实验。氨氮胁迫48 h后，不同家系的成活率存在差异性，S14-S15的成活率为98.33%，显著高于其他家系（P<0.05）；血细胞数量与家系成活率呈正相关，SOD酶、AKP酶的活力与家系成活率呈负相关，POD酶的活力与家系成活率不具相关性。综合分析，以L2和S11为父本的半同胞家系生长快且抗氨氮特性强，可留作育种材料进行下一步选育。

Abstract:

In this study, the families of Penaeus monodon were produced according to an unbalanced nest design that each male mated with 1-3 females. The feed conversion ratio（FCR） and the special growth rate(SGR) of the 13 families were researched by an 8week growth experiment. The FCR of these families were ranged from 1.04 to 1.74 and the SGR were ranged from 2.97 to 4.0. The SGR of S13-S11 was significantly higher than the other families(P<0.05). Compared with other families, the SGR of S3-S5 was the lowest, but the FCR was significantly higher than other families (P<0.05). The 48hour ammonia nitrogen stress of different families was proceeded after the growth experiment. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen had different effects in different Penaeus monodon families.The THC, enzymes activity of immunity and the survival rate of these families were distinguishing. Correlation analysis showed that the THC and the survival rate had significantly positive correlation. However, the activity of SOD and AKP was negatively correlated with the survival rate.And there was no correlation between the POD and the survival rate. Altogether, this research considered that the halfsib families whose fathers were L2 and S11 were significantly stronger in survival and growth rate than others, which implied potentials for the further selective breeding.