野生褐牙鲆亲鱼不同卵巢发育期脂肪和脂肪酸组成的分析与比较

A comparative study on lipid and fatty acid compositions of wild Paralichthys olivaceus broodstocks during different ovary development stages

摘要:

为探讨牙鲆亲鱼性腺发育和脂肪酸的关系，采用气相色谱法测定了野生褐牙鲆亲鱼在性腺发育不同阶段的肌肉，肝脏和卵的脂肪和脂肪酸组成。结果表明：牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵中的脂肪含量差异显著，其中Ⅲ-Ⅳ期亲鱼肝脏脂肪含量显著低于Ⅴ期亲鱼；Ⅲ-Ⅳ期及Ⅴ期牙鲆亲鱼各组织中的脂肪酸组成均有差异，以多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的差异较为显著。Ⅴ期卵的脂肪酸组成中含有大量的n3HUFA，EPA、DPA和DHA的比例也显著高于发育同期的其它组织；Ⅲ-Ⅳ期亲鱼肝脏中DHA/EPA的比例显著高于Ⅴ期亲鱼，卵中EPA/ARA的比例显著低于Ⅴ期亲鱼。从以上结果可以看出，PUFA与牙鲆亲鱼的性腺发育关系较为密切，为了保证牙鲆亲鱼正常的繁殖需要，在亲鱼培育过程中，需要补充含有适量高不饱和脂肪酸，尤其是DHA、EPA和ARA的脂肪源。

Abstract:

To discuss the relationship between fatty acid and the ovary development, the lipid contents and fatty acid compositions of muscle, liver and egg were analysed using gas chromatography. Comparisons were made between Ⅲ-Ⅳ and Ⅴ stages of ovary development in wild broodstocks of Paralichthys olivaceus. The results indicated that there were significant differences of lipid contents among muscle, liver and egg tissues. The lipid content in liver of Ⅲ-Ⅳ stages was significantly lower than that in Ⅴ stage. There were significant differences of fatty acid compositions in muscle, liver and egg tissues between Ⅲ-Ⅳ andⅤ stages, especially PUFA.There were higher relative contents of n3HUFA, DHA, DPA, EPA in egg at Ⅴ stage than those in liver and muscle at the same stage. The ratio of DHA/EPA in liver of Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage broodstocks was significantly higher than those at Ⅴ stage, but the ratio of EPA/ARA was significantly lower. These results suggested that some fatty acids were essential to Paralichthys olivaceus during sexual maturation. In order to ensure the normal reproduction, during cultivating, PUFA, especially DHA, EPA and ARA need to be supplemented.