温度对暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼瞬时耗氧速率的影响

Effects of temperature on the instantaneous oxygen consumption rate of obscure puffer (Takifugu obscurus) and tawny puffer (Takifugu flavidus) juveniles

摘要:

采用密闭 呼吸室法，研究了不同温度(11、15、19、23、27和31 ℃)下暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼（约20 g）单位体重瞬时耗氧速率的变化规律，及其与溶氧水平的关系。结果表明：暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼瞬时耗氧速率(V)均随实验时间(t)增加而降低，且呈现良好的幂函数负增长相关(V=a t^b,r²>0.98,P<0.01)；在适宜溶氧范围内，暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼属于顺应呼吸型，V随溶氧水平降低而降低，但在临近临界点时，暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼耗氧率均表现为“调节管理”模式，即幼鱼用增加呼吸频率来保持一定的耗氧率，以维持基本的生命活动，而V与溶氧水平(DO)呈现良好的二次函数关系(r²>0.95,p<0.01)；暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼耗氧率均随水温升高而升高，呈现良好的直线增长相关(r²>0.95,P<0.01)；在常规池塘养殖水温范围内，暗纹东方鲀幼鱼的耗氧率比菊黄东方鲀高；暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀幼鱼Q₁₀值分别是2.84和2.65。建议在暗纹东方鲀和菊黄东方鲀的实际养殖和运输过程中，当溶氧水平低于3 mg/L时，应及时启动急救措施。

Abstract:

The instantaneous oxygen consumption rates of obscure puffer (Takifugu obscurus) and tawny puffer (Takifugu flavidus) juveniles (about 20 g mean weight) were measured by closedchamber respiration methods at seven temperatures (11, 15, 19, 23, 27, and 31 ℃). The results showed that the instantaneous oxygen consumption rates (V) of obscure puffer and tawny puffer juveniles decreased as the experimental time (t) increased, showing the power law model (V=at^b, r²>0.98, p<0.01). Within suitable dissolved oxygen range, the oxygen consumptions of obscure puffer and tawny puffer juveniles were both directly related to the concentration which could be denoted as “conformers”, i.e. V decreased with decreased dissolved oxygen level, whereas, below that range, the juveniles maintain a constant oxygen consumption rate to ensure the basic life activities, regardless of the concentration of dissolved oxygen, and there are the socalled “regulators”. The oxygen consumption rate and dissolved oxygen had a significant quadratic relationship (r²>0.95, p<0.01). The oxygen consumption rate increased rapidly as the temperature increased (11-31 ℃), showing a linear relationship in the range of temperatures investigated (r²>0.95, p<0.01). Within the temperature range of the conventional pond culture, the oxygen consumptions of obscure puffer juvenile were higher than that of tawny puffer. The Q₁₀ of obscure puffer and tawny puffer juveniles were 2.84 and 2.65, respectively. In actual culture and transport processes of obscure puffer and tawny puffer, when dissolved oxygen level is below 3 mg/L, the emergency aid measures should be started.