我国海洋渔业安全生产状况分析

Analysis of the status of marine fishing safety in China

摘要:

搜集了国内外有关海洋渔业安全生产事故的资料,结合实地的调查,从事故的数量、类型等方面分析了目前我国的海洋渔业安全生产事故状况,并通过与国内其他行业、国外同行业的比较,认为目前我国海洋渔业安全生产形势严峻,渔民死亡率较高,主要原因有:渔民的总体素质下降;渔船的适航状态差;渔港状况与安全生产现状不相符;渔场范围缩小;管理体制和手段落后、管理力量不足;资源恶化;数据统计不完全、不统一等。最后对如何改善海洋渔业安全生产状况提出了几个建议:(1)完善渔业安全法律法规体系;(2)优化渔民结构;(3)提高渔船质量;(4)加强渔港的监督管理与建设;(5)加强渔业事故的统计与分析;(6)建立合理高效的救援体系。

Abstract:

With a data collection of domestic and foreign marine fishing accidents and on-the-spot investigation,the present paper analyzes the realities of marine fishing accidents in China on the quantity and types of accident and makes a comparison with those of other trades and foreign fisheries.It reaches the conclusion that the situation of fishing safety is severe and the fishing mortality is high and finds out major causes as follows: decline of the overall guality of fishermen,poor seaworthiness of fishing vessels,disparity between the state of fishing ports and safety requirements,narrow scope of marine operation,underdevelopment of management,deterioration of fishery resources and the incomplete and inconsistent data statistics.A few proposals are put forward to improve the severe situation:(1) completing the law and regulation system of fishing safety;(2) optimizing fishermen structure;(3) improving the quality of fishing vessels;(4) emphasizing fishing port management;(5) emphasizing accident statistics;(6) establishing reasonable and efficient rescue system.